Austin Craig

Lineage, Life, and Labors of Jose Rizal, Philippine Patriot (Annotated) Austin Craig

Differentiated book- It has a historical context with research of the time-Lineage, Life and Labors of José Rizal, Philippine Patriot by Austin Craig. José Protasio Rizal Mercado and Alonso Realonda, better known as José Rizal (Calambá, June 19, 1861 - Manila, December 30, 1896), was a doctor (he became an ophthalmologist in Madrid), writer, painter, linguist, and Filipino politician . He is considered the national hero of the Philippines and was the founder in 1892 of the Philippine League. José Rizal was the seventh of the 11 children of Francisco Rizal-Mercado and Teodora Alonso, prosperous peasants from the city of Calambá, in the province of Laguna. In their crossbreeding the Malay, Chinese and Spanish lineages cross. On the Chinese side, he descended from Domingo Lam-co, a merchant who arrived in the Philippines from the then city of Amoy, in China, at the end of the 17th century. Lam-co married Inés de la Rosa, a mestizo woman of Chinese and Malay descent. Rizal's mother, Teodora, was the great-granddaughter of a Spanish-Malaysian mestizo. In 1849, Governor General Narciso Clavería published an edict ordering that the indigenous population adopt Spanish surnames or those of Spanish resonance. The rule, of an administrative nature, was given for the purposes of civil census, cadastre, service, fiscal policy, etc.